Ekikula kya A 6.5kb intergenic structural variation kyongera obugugubi bwa P450-mediated resistance mu bitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri ne kikendeeza enkola y’obutimba bw’ensiri ku buliri.

Okunnyonnyola enneeyisa y’ensiri ku ddagala eritta ebiwuka kwamaanyi mu kunyweza enkola y’eddagala erikolebwa okutta ebiwuka.

Wano, twekaliriza omulimu gwa 6.5kb structural variation (SV) mu kutambuza ogugubi bwa cytochrome P450-mediated pyrethroid resistance mu biwuka ebitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri (malaria vector), Anopheles funestus.

Okwekaliriza ebikola endagabutonde kwakenga endagabutonde 6.5kb SV wakati wa duplicated CYP6P9a/b P450s mu nsiri ezigumira pyrethroid nga ziyitira mu translocation event.

Okwekaliriza kw’ekirungo ekyongezi kwalaga nti emirundi 17.5 egyekubisaamu (P<0.0001) ku katundu akalina SV okusinga bwe kiri ku kitalina SV.

Enneeyoleka ya qRT-PCR mu CYP6P9a/b ku buli SV genotype ng’ewanirira omulimu gwayo ng’ekyongera amaanyi okuva ensiri, SV+/SV+ homozygote mosquitoes lwe zeeyoleka mu ngeri esingako mu ndagabutonde zombi okusinga heterozygotes SV+/SV- (emirundi 1.7-2) ne homozygotes SV-/SV- (emirundi 4-5).

Okukola okwekaliriza kwa PCR kwalaga nti waliwo enkolagana yamaanyi wakati wa SV n’obugugu bwa Pyrethroid (SV+/SV+ vs SV-/SV-; OR=2079.4, P=<0.001).

6.5kb SV kibeerawo ku mutendera ogwawaggulu ddala mu Afirika ey’obukiikaddyo (80-100%) naye ate tekibeerawo mu Afirika ey’Obuvanjuba/Masekkati/Obugwanjuba.

Okugezesa kwalaga nti ensiri za homozygote SV zaalina omukisa munene ddala okulama nga zeelekezeddwa obutimba obuteereddwamu eddagala (pyrethroid-treated Nets (OR 27.7; P < 0.0001) n’okuliisibwa omusaayi okusinga nga bwe kyandibadde bulijjo.

N’ekirala, zo triple homozygote resistant (SV+/CYP6P9a_R/CYP6P9b_R) zaalaga nti zigumira nnyo obutimba obulimu eddagala okusukkira ddala ku ezo endala kumpi kukubisaamu mirundi esatu okusinga nga bwe kyandibadde, ne kiraga nti ziba zeeyongeddeko.

Okunoonyereza kuno kulaga obukulu bw’enjawukana mu nkula mu nkulaakulanya y’eddagala eritta ebiwuka mu bitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri wamu n’okukosa kwe biyinza okutuusa ku nkola y’obutimba bw’ensiri obulimu eddagala.

Bannassaayansi balaga okwekubisaamu kwa DNA okuganya ensiri z’omu Afirika bukiikaddyo okugumira eddagala eritta ebiwuka.

Bassaayansi balengedde akalungo ka DNA akayamba ensiri okugumira eddagala eriruubirira okuzitta.

Akalungo ka DNA ako kalabika nga kagumya endagabutonde akasobozesa ensiri z’omu Afirika bukiikaddyo obutakolebwako pyrethroid, nga ly’eddagala eritera okukozesebwa okuteekebwa mu butimba bw’ensiri okuziyiza ensiri obutasaasaanya musujja gwansiri mu bantu.

Obutimba bw’ensiri obuteekeddwamu eddagala y’emu ku ngeri enkulu ey’okuziyiza ensiri ezitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri obutagusaasaanya mu bantu.

Wabula, emabegako awo ensiri zirabika okuba nga zirama ne bwe kiba nga zeelekezeddwa eddagala eryamaanyi.

Bannassaayansi baagala okutuuka ku nsonga ereetera ensiri zino okugumira eddagala eritta ebiwuka kisobozese okukola obutimba obw’omutindo ogusingako olw’okuziyiza omusujja gw’ensiri.

Mu kunoonyereza kuno, abanooneyereza baayagala okulaga engeri akalungo ka DNA mu nsiri ezitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri gye kaleetera ensiri okugugubira eddala eritta ebiwuka erya pyrethroid.

Era baayagala okulaga engeri ogumira eddagala guno okwesigamiziddwa ku ndagabutonde gye kulabikira mu nsiri mu bitundu bya Afirika eby’enjawulo.

Abanoonyereza beekaliriza enfaanana ya DNA ez’enjawulo mu nsiri ez’enjawulo, era ne bakebera engeri ensiri gye zigumiramu pyrethroid.

Baakozesa entetenkanya ya kompyuta, okukebera kw’omu laabu, n’okugezesa kw’ensiri ezaagezesebwako okusobola okukubira ku bye baazuula.

Baazuula nti okubaawo kwa DNA kwaleetera ensiri z’omusujja okuzimba obugugubi eri obutimba bw’ensiri obulimu eddagala.

Ensiri zonna ezaagugubira pyrethroid mu kunoonyereza kuno zeezo ezaalina DNA ey’enjawulo.

Wabula ekyewuunyisa, ensiri zino zaali za mu Afirika bukiikaddyo; enfuukafuuka eyo teyalabikira mu nsiri za nsiri ez’omu bugwanjuba, ebuvanjuba oba amasekkati ga Afirika.

Weewaawo bannassaayansi baali bakimanyi nti ensiri ezitambuza omusujja gw’ensiri zaali zitandise okugugubira eddagala lye tukozesa okuzitta, okunoonyereza kuno kunnyonnyola engeri gye zisobola okwewoma eddagala eritta ebiwuka nga zikozesa endagabutonde.

Abanoonyereza era baazuula engeri empya okulondoola enfuukafuuka ya DNA mu nsiri, era nga kino kijja kuba kyamugaso eri bannassaayansi abalala abanaalondoola ensonga eno eyo gye bujja.

Abanoonyereza bano bateesa nti okunoonyereza okw’omu maaso kulina okutunula ennyo mu bika by’enfuukafuuka ya DNA era n’engeri gy’ekosaamu okukosa kw’obugugubi mu ndagabutonde mu nsiri z’omusujja.

Okunoonyereza kuno okwakolebwa abanoonyereza Bannakameruuni kulaga nti twetaaga engeri empya ez’okutangira ensaasaana y’omusujja gw’ensiri, naddala mu Afirika bukiikaddyo, kubanga mu kitundu kino tulinamu obukakafu bwa DNA obulaga nti ensiri tezikosebwa butimba buteereddwamu ddagala lyansiri.