Allo mai faxin genom na CRISPR-Cas9 yana gano CENPJ a zaman mai kula da daidaiton qwayar halitta da aka canza yayin kamuwa da cutar hanta na qwayar cutar zazzavin cizon sauro

Tsakure

 Kafin fara cutar zazzavin cizon sauro, fulasmodum sufurozote guda ɗaya yana cutar da sel na hanta mai suna hefatosit kuma yana haɓaka zuwa dubunnan merozotai a wani ɓangare ta hanyar ɓarnata albarkatun abin da cutar ta kama.

Mun nuna cewa rundunonin makurotubs suna sake tsarawa a hankali a kusa da matakan hanta masu tasowa (LS).

Ta hanyar amfani da allon CRISPR-Cas9 mai faɗi, mun gano masu daidait matattarar sitoskeleton, fataucin besikul, matsewar ER/Golgi da hanyar bayogenesis na lipid wanda ke daidaita ci gaban fulasmodum.

Waɗannan sabbin masu kula da kamuwa da cuta, gami da protin J (CENPJ), sun sa mun yi tambayoyi game da yadda ake sarrafa cibiyoyin tsara makurotub (MTOCs) yayin kamuwa da cuta.

Fosin γ-tubulin wanda aka keɓance shi zuwa gaɓoɓin qwayar cuta; ragewar CENPJ ya tsananta wannan ƙara kamuwa da cuta.

Bugu da qari, mun nuna cewa Golgi yana aiki a matsayin MTOC maras-tsakiya ta hanyar shirya γ-tubulin da haɓaka ƙwayar cuta ta makrotub a gefen qwayar cutar.

Gabaɗaya, mun nuna cewa fulasmodum LS na ɗaukar Golgi na abin da cutar ya kama don samar da hanyoyin sadarwa na MT waɗanda ake ɗaukar ababe zuwa PVM, don tallafawa haɓaka matakin hanta.

Abubuwan da muka gano sun nuna yawancin magunguna da suke kama qwayar da cuta ta kama na iya hana kamuwa da LS.

Masana kimiyya suna nazarin yadda cutar zazzavin cizon sauro ke fasa qwayar halitta don qoqarin faɗaɗa zaɓuɓɓukan magani

 Yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta suna amfani da sinadirai da albarkatun sel na ɗan adam ko dabba da suka shiga don haifuwa da kansu.

A cikin wannan binciken, masu bincike sun gano takamaiman qwayoyin halittar da ke taka rawa wajen kamuwa da cutar zazzavin cizon sauro a cikin qwayoyin hanta, wanda zai iya haifar da sabbin dabarun yaqi da zazzavin cizon sauro nan gaba.

 Zazzavin cizon sauro cuta ce mai yaxuwa kuma mai kisa ta hanyar kwayar cutar da ake kira da Plasmodium, wacce ake yaxa ta ta hanyar cizon sauro.

Bayan shiga cikin jiki, qwayar cutar zazzavin na tafiya ne kai tsaye zuwa hanta don ya hayaiyafa - wannan matakin farko ya dace da maganin zazzavin cizon sauro saboda babu alamun cutar tukuna kuma cutar ba za a iya yaxa ta ba.

A cikin wannan binciken, masu bincike sun so nemo takamaiman canje-canje ga qwayoyin halitta da sunadarai a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta masu kamuwa da cuta wanda zai iya canza yadda kamuwa da cuta ke tasowa.

 Ta hanyar amfani da fasahar gyara kwayoyin halitta na CRISPR-Cas9, masu binciken sun sami damar kashewa ko kuma “bugewa” takamaiman qwayoyin halitta don ganin menene canje-canje lokacin da waɗannan qwayoyin ba sa aiki.

Daga nan sai suka kamar da qwayoyin hanta na masu lafiya da kuma waxanda aka “buge” da qwayoyin cutar zazzavin cizon sauro.

Musamman, sun kasance masu sha'awar canje-canje ga samuwar makurotubs (MT).

Waxannan sifofi masu kama da bututu suna shiga, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, motsin abubuwan gina jiki da kayan cikin sel, kuma yawanci suna samar da hanyar sadarwa a kusa da qwayar tantanin halitta.

 Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman binciken shine cewa qwayar fulasmodum yana sace makrotubs a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta - maimakon kusantar da makrotubs a kusa da tsakiya suna isar da kayan abinci zuwa inda tantanin halitta ke buƙatarsa, ƙwayoyin microtubules suna kewaye da ƙwayoyin cuta suna ba da abinci da kayan abinci don taimakawa ƙwayar cuta ta haifu.

Masu bincike sun ga cewa lokacin da suka fitar da wani furotin mai suna CENPJ, qwayar cutar ta sami nasara sosai wajen tattara makrotubs a kusa da kanta, kuma ƙwayoyin cuta sun girma kuma suna yin kwafin kansu.

Masanan sun kuma gano wasu qwayoyin halitta da yawa waxanda ke shafar yadda kamuwa da cutar fulasmodum ke tsananta.

 Masu bincike a baya sun nuna cewa sauran ƙwayoyin cuta suna sake tsara makurotubs don tura albarkatu cikin tantanin halitta zuwa kansu.

A cikin wannan binciken, masu bincike sun tabbatar da cewa ƙwayoyin cuta na fulasmodum na iya amfani da wannan dabarar don tura abubuwan gina jiki da sauran albarkatu don ci gaban kansu.

A nan gaba, masana kimiyya suna fatan yin amfani da fahimtarsu game da yadda qwayoyin halitta da ƙwayoyin cuta ke hulɗa a cikin sel don gano sabbin hanyoyin magance cutar zazzavin cizon sauro.

Ko da yake masu bincike sun gano wasu canje-canje masu ban sha'awa a cikin sinadaran hanta a farkon matakan zazzavin cizon sauro, ana buƙatar ƙarin aiki don fahimtar ainihin yadda fulasmodum ke canza sinadarai da aikin tantanin halitta ta yadda za a iya gano takamaiman manufa na magunguna.

 Dubban xaruruwan mutuwa har yanzu suna faruwa a ko wace shekara daga zazzavin cizon sauro, tare da adadi mai yawa a Afirka.

A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, sama da kashi 90% na cutar zazzavin cizon sauro a duniya a shekarar 2019 sun faru ne a Afirka, wanda hakan ya zama muhimmin batu da ke bukatar ci gaba da kokarin shawo kan matsalar.