Tasirin GST- da kuma P450 na tushen juriya na rayuwa ga maganin feshi na pyrethroids a kan shan jini a cikin manyan sauruka masu sa zazzaɓin cizon sauro Anopheles funestus

Ƙwayoyin gado na juriya na maganin ƙwari galibi suna haɗuwa da tasirai fiye da ɗaya a halaye daban-daban na tarihin rayuwar sauro.

Ko ta yaya, bayanai kaɗan ne ake samu a kan tasirin juriyar maganin ƙwari a kan tsarin shan jini a cikin sauruka.

A nan, ta yin amfani da alamomi rayuwa biyu na ƙwayar halittar DNA da aka gano kwanan nan a cikin manyan sauruka masu sa zazzaɓin cizon sauro, An. funestus, mun bincika yadda ƙwayoyin gado na juriya na rayuwa za su iya shafar cin abinci na jini.

Bayan barin duka Anopheles funestus na fili F1 da na ɗakin gwaji F8 shan jinin hannunn ɗan’adam na tsawon mintoci 30, mun tantance alaƙa tsakanin mahimman sigogin tsarin abinci na jini wanda ya haɗa da, lokacin tabbatarwa da tsawon lokacin ciyarwa da nasarar shan jini da yawan jini, da kuma alamomin glutathione S-transferase (L119F-GTe2) da kuma cytochrome P450 (CYP6P9a_R) —matsakaiciyar juriyar rayuwa.

Babu ɗaya daga cikin ma’auni na tsarin abinci na jini da ke da alaƙa da nau’o’in ƙwayoyin gado na mutum L119F-GTe2.

Saɓanin haka, don CYP6P9a_R, sauruka masu juriyar magungunan ƙwari sun fi ƙarfin shan jini fiye da sauruka masu saurin kamuwa (OR = 3.3; CI 95%: 1.4-7.7; P = 0.01).

Haka kuma, adadin abincin jinin da sauruka CYP6P9a-SS suka ci ya yi ƙasa da na CYP6P9a-RS (P<0.004) da kuma na CYP6P9a-RR (P<0.006).

Wannan yana nuna cewa CYP6P9a an alaƙanta shi tare da nasarar ciyarwa da girman abincin An. funestus.

Ko ta yaya, ba a sami alaƙa ba a cikin bayanin CYP6P9a da na ƙwayoyin gado da ke ɓoyewa don furotocin yawu da suke cikin tsarin abinci na jini.

Wannan binciken ya shawarta cewa juriya ta tushen P450 na iya yin tasiri a kan tsarin shan jini na sauron Anopheles funestus kuma saboda haka ikonsa na yaɗa kaskokin zazzaɓin cizon sauro.

Sauruka na iya samun sauƙi wajen yaɗa kaskokin zazzaɓin cizon sauro ga mutane

Wasu sauruka masu sa zazzaɓin cizon sauro sun daidaita don jurewa sinadarai masu cutarwa don kashe su (magunguna ƙwari).

Masu binciken sun ce sauye-sauyen ƙwayoyin gado da suke haifar da wannan "jurewar maganin ƙwari" a cikin sauruka Anopheles funestus, kuma da alama yana taimaka musu su shan jinin ɗan’adam sosai.

Wannan kuma yana iya ƙara musu ƙarfin yaɗa cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro.

Wasu sauruka masu sa zazzaɓin cizon sauro suna iya jurewa mummunan tasirin maganin ƙwari ta hanyar ingantaccen narkewa, ko sarrafa, waɗannan sinadarai a cikin jikinsu.

Wannan nau’in juriya ga maganin ƙwari yana faruwa ne ta hanyar daidaitawar ƙwayoyin gado, amma ba a san da yawa game da abubuwan da saurukan za su samu ba saboda irin wannan daidaitawar ƙwayoyin gado iri ɗaya.

A cikin wannan binciken, masu binciken sun so su gano ko ƙwayoyin gado da suke haifar da juriyar maganin ƙwari na iya inganta tsarin ciyar da su.

Suna so su sani, alal misali, idan waɗannan sauruka masu juriya sun iya cin abinci da sauri da kuma shan jini sosai yayin cin abinci.

Masu binciken sun duba yadda mabambanta nau’o'in saurukan Anopheles funestus guda biyu suke cin abinci a hannun ɗan’adam na tsawon mintoci 30.

Sun kuma auna sassan tsarin cin abinci na jini, kamar tsawon lokacin da sauruka suke shan jini da kuma ywan jinin da suka zuƙa.

Sun kuma yi nazarin ƙwayoyin gado na sauruka domin ganin ko za a iya danganta halayyar ciyar da abinci zuwa wasu sauye-sauyen ƙwayoyin gado guda biyu waɗanda suke ba da juriyar maganin ƙwari.

Sakamakonsu ya nuna cewa ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin gado na juriya yana shafar halayen ciyarwa.

Sauruka masu wannan sauyi na musamman suna da ƙaramin nauyin jiki, kuma suna da damar zuƙar ƙarin jini idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su da shi ba.

Duk da haka, da alama sauyin ƙwayoyin gado bai canza lokacin ciyarwa ba, kuma bai haifar da matakai ƙanana ko manya ba na wasu furotoci da sauro yake amfani da su wajen zuƙar jini ba.

Wannan binciken ya ba da shaida cewa sauye-sauye waɗanda suke haifar da juriya na maganin ƙwari za su iya haifar da wasu halaye masu daidaitawa.

A wannan yanayin, masu binciken sun tabbatar da cewa ƙwayar gado iri ɗaya da alama tana tasiri a kan halayyar ciyar da sauro.

Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda sauruka suna yaɗa cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ga mutane yayin zuƙar jini.

Masu binciken sun ce ya kamata a yi nazari dalla-dalla a kan yadda wadɗannan ƙwayoyin gado suke shafar ɗabi’ar ciyar da abinci da kuma yadda hakan zai iya shafar yadda sauruka suke saduwa da kuma yaɗa cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro.

Sun kuma yi gargaɗin cewa wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar a bincikensu ba su yi nasara ba kuma suna iya yin tasiri ga sakamakonsu.

Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda ƙwayoyin gado na sauro da halayensa suke sauyawa domin mayar da martani ga ƙoƙarin da muke yi na sarrafa su, kamar yin amfani da magungunan ƙwari a ko’ina kuma akai-akai.

Marubutan wannan binciken sun kasance a ƙasar Kamaru, inda suka ɗauki samfurin wasu daga cikin saurukan da aka yi amfani da su wajen wannan bincike.