Okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali mu Afrika: Okwekaliriza ebizuuliddwa mu kunoonyereza okw’enjawulo okukoleddwa

Ebyafaayo

Obulwadde bwa sukaali bulwadde obuli mu nsi yonna obusobola okuleetawo omugugu omunene mu byenfuna.

Obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali bulwadde obutera okucankalanya obusuwa obutono mu mubiri obuleetebwa obulwadde bwa sukaali era obwongeza obusobozi bw’okufuna endwadde n’obulemu olw’okusannyalala n’okutemebwako omukono/okugulu.

Wadde nga waliwo enjawulo ya maanyi mu kunoonyereza okw’enkizo okukoleddwa ku bulwadde bwa sukaali ku kubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali mu Afrika.

Awo nno, okunoonyereza kuno kwagenderera kuteebereza okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu okw’awamu mu balwadde ba sukaali Afrika.

Obukodyo

PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, African Journals OnLine, WHO African Library ne Cochrane Review byakeberebwa ku mutimbagano okusobola okufuna ebiwandiiko keekwanya.

Olukalala lw’ensonga ez’okufaako lwagobererwa.

Obwawuko mu kunoonyereza kwonna okwatunuulirwa bwakeberebwa n’olutiba olukebera ebbulabukwatane (I2).

Ensobi z’okunoonyereza zaakeberebwa n’ekipande ekikebera ensobi wamu n’enkola ya Egger ey’okukebera ensobi mu kunoonyereza.

Omutetenkanyizo gw’ebibalo ogw’okulondoba gwakozesebwa okuteebereza okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali okw’awamu mu balwadde b’omu Afrika.

Okusengejja ebizuuliddwa mu biwandiiko eby’enjawulo kwakolebwa n’enviisirizo y’ebibalo eya STATA ekika 14.

Ebyavaamu

Okunoonyereza kwa mirundi abiri mu esatu okulimu abeetabi 269,691 kwakozesebwa ku kusengejja ebizuuliddwa mu kunoonyereza okw’enjawulo.

Okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali okw’awamu kwali ku bitundu ana mu mukaaga ku buli kikumi (46%) (95% CI:36.21–55.78%).

Okusinziira ku kwekaliriza okuva mu bubaka bw’ebibinja, okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali mu balwadde ba sukaali kwazuulwa mu Afrika ey’Obugwanjuba nga kuli ku bitundu 49.4% (95% CI: 32.74, 66.06).

Okukubira

Okunoonyereza kuno kwalaga nti okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa obulwadde bwa sukaali kuli wagguluko mu Afrika.

Awo nno, obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali bwetaaga enkola ezigenderera okulwanyisa n’okwewala obulwadde buno ezituukira ku mbeera eriwo mu ggwanga.

Okusengejja okunoonyereza okw’enjawulo kusaana kwongere okukolebwa okuzuula ebintu ebiviirako obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali.

Okubaawo kw’obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali

Okulwala kw’obusimu mu balwadde ba sukaali kuli waggulu nnyo mu Afrika okusinga ekitundu ekirala kyonna mu nsi yonna.

Abanoonyereza bagamba nti amawanga ga Afrika galina okuteekawo ebikozesebwa n’okufaayo eri endwadde eno ey’omutawaana.

Obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali kitegeeza obutaba na maanyi, okusannyalala n’obulumi obuva ku busimu okwonoonebwa obulwadde bwa sukaali, ekirwadde ekireetera omubiri gw’omuntu okuba nga tegusobola kufuga bulungi sukaali agulimu.

Okunoonyereza kungi kukoleddwa ku bulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali naye ebizuuliddwa byawukana nnyo, gamba, ebitundu 8.4% mu China, ebitundu 48.1% mu Sri Lanka ate mu India ebitundu 29.2%.

Ebizuuliddwa mu Afrika ku bulwadde bw’obusimu nabyo byawukana nnyo, okugeza ebitundu 71.1% bye byazuulibwa mu Nigeria, ebitundu 16.6% mu Ghana 29.5% mu Ethiopia.

Mu kunoonyereza kuno, abanoonyereza beekaliriza ebyo ebizuuliddwa mu Afrika okusobola okufuna ekifaananyi ekisingako ku kubaawo kwabwo okutuufu.

Abanoonyereza baanoonya mu tterekero ly’ebiwandiiko erya PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, WHO African Library ne Cochrane Review okusobola okufuna okunoonyereza okw’omuwendo.

Okunoonyereza kwakozesa olukalala lw’ensonga ez’okufaako okusobola okugeraageranya obulungi okunoonyereza kwonna ng’abanoonyereza bakozesa obukodyo bw’ebibalo bungi.

Baalonda okunoonyereza kwa mirundi 23 okwalimu abeetabi abawerera ddala 269,691 omugatte.

Abanoonyereza bakozesa okunoonyereza kwa mirundi 10 okuva mu Nigeria, 4 okuva mu Ethiopia, 2 okuva mu Cameroon, 2 okuva mu Sudan, 2 okuva mu Misiri n’okunoonyereza kwa mulundi 1 okuva mu buli mawanga gano, Ghana, Uganda ne Tanzania.

Okutwaliza awamu, baazuula nti obulwadde bw’obusimu obuleetebwa sukaali bwali mu balwadde ba sukaali abakola ebitundu ana mu mukaaga ku buli kikumi (46%) ku lukalu lwa Afrika lwonna era nga businga kuba mu Afrika ey’Ebugwanjuba n’ebitundu ana mu mwenda n’obutundutundu buna ku buli kikumi (49.4%).

Kino nno kikwatagana n’okwekaliriza ku ggwanga eddala erikyakula okwakolebwa mu Iran okwayoleka ebitundu 53%.

Okwawukanako na kino, okwekaliriza okwakolebwa mu mawanga agaakula kwalaga okubaawo kw’obulwadde buno okuba ku bitundu 35.78%, ekiraga nti amawanga agakyakula gasaanye gateekewo enkola eziwera ez’okuyambako abalwadde ba sukaali okufuga sukaali w’omu mibiri gyabwe okwewala obusimu bwabwe okwonooneka

Abanoonyereza booleka nti ebiwandiiko ebyawandiikibwa mu Lungereza bye byokka bye baatunuulira, ekitegeeza nti bayinza okuba nga tebaafuna bubaka bukwata ku balwadde obuli mu nnimi endala gamba ng’Oluspanish, Olufransa n’Oluportuguese.

Obunafu bw’okunoonyereza obulala kwe kuba ng’abanoonyereza baakozesa bubaka obuli mu malwaliro bwokka ne kiba ng’abantu bangi abalina obulwadde bwa sukaali mu bitundu tebaafiibwako.

Okunoonyereza kuno kwalaga nti abalwadde ba sukaali abangi mu Afrika bafuna okwonooneka kw’obusimu okwekuusa ku bulwadde bwabwe.

Nga bakozesa kino ekizuuliddwa, abanoonyereza bateesa nti amawanga ga Afrika gateekewo enkola ezigenderera okulwanyisa n’okwewala obulwadde buno okusinziira ku mbeera eriwo okuyamba ku balwadde ba sukaali.