This is Zulu translation of DOI: https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201806.0106/v1
Izihlinzekimandla ezehlukile ezitholakala ngezindleko eziphansi, ezingayoni imvelo futhi ezimelana nezidingo zeneji, sezidingeka futhi zisetshenziswa ngokwenyukile namuhla.
I-ethanol iwumthombo weneji engapheli ehehayo equkethe i-oxygen eningi.
Inhlosongqangi yokwengeza i-cetane improver kwakuwukuthuthukisa izakhi zokuvutha zezingxube okungenani ngama-ignition point awu-1-3.
Izilinganiso zokukala ezinhalanu zakhethwa ngalukhu kulandelana, 50:25:25, 60:20:20, 70:15:15, 80:10:10 kanye no-90:5:5 kwi-Waste Plastic Pyrolisis Oil (WPPO), i-ethanol kanye nodizili ojwayelekile (CD) ngokualndelana.
Kodwa esilinganisweni sokuxuba isengezo sesihlinzekimandla iphesenti lesihlanganiso sokubangako lacatshangwa kwathi isilinganiso sabekwa ku-0.01% wobungako besihlinzekimandla esixutshiwe.
Kulo msebenzi, i-WPPO, izingxube zikadizili kanye nezithuthukisi zezengezo zezihlinzekimandla zisetshenzisiwe njengesihlinzekimandla esehlukile.
Lokhu bekungokokuhlolisisa izimpawu zokusebenza nokukhipha intuthu enjinini yokwenza izinhlolo epholiswa ngamanzi enesilinda eyodwa emile.
I-CI0808 tengezwe ngenxa yamandla engaba nawo wokwehlisa ukuphuma kwentuthu ye-CO, UHC, NOX, PM kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini.
Imiphumela etholakele iqhathaniswe ngokucophelela namazinga e-ASTM yase ixoxwa kusetshenziswa izinombolo zegrafu yegobela kanye nezilinganiso ezikwithebula.
Isiphetho kwaba wukuthi izingxibe ze-ethanol ne-WPPO zingasetshenziswa ezinjinini zikadizili njengezihlinzekimandla ezehlukile ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.
Uma isetshenziswa kanye nama-cetane improver, intuthu yehla ngokubonakalayo kanti nokusebenza kuba ngcono, kulingane nalokhu kwesihlinzekimandla sikadizili ojwayelekile.
Abacwaningi bakwazile ukwehlisa ukushiswa kukadizili ngokuxuba isihlinzekimandla nezengezo ezingayoni imvelo.
Ingxube, efaka i-biofuel ye-ethanol kanye namafutha asuka ocwazini oluyimfucuza, ikhipha amagesi awubanga kancane umdlavuza, kodwa esebenza kahle njengodizili ojwayelekile.
Izinjini zikadizili ziyonga kunezikaphethroli kodwa zikhipha amanani aphezulu e-nitrous oxide namanye amakhemikhali ayingozi angenza izifo kubantu kanye nezinguquko emvelweni.
Lolu cwaningo luhlele ukuphenya ukuthi ezinye izihlinzekimandla zisebenza isikhathi eside kanganani nokuthi izengezo zingalekelela ukwehlisa ukukhiswa kwentuthu.
Ucwaningo luhlongoze ukusebenzisa i-biofuel ye-ethanol engenziwa isuselwa kwi-biomass elahliwe efana nokhuni knaye namafutha okupheka asesebenzile, ukwengeza emafutheni enziwa kususelwa ocwazini oluvuselelwe.
Lezi zihlinzekimandla ezehlukile azikho sezingeni likadizili zizodwa, futhi izinjini zohlobo kuzomele zenziwe ukuzisebenzisa, kodwa lolu cwaningo belubheke ukuzisebenzisa ukwehlisa intuthu kadizili owejwayelekile kanye nokusebenzisa ingxube yezihlinzekimandla ezinjinini ezejwayelekile zikadizili.
Abacwaningi bebexuba uduzili ojwayelekile (conventionsl diesel, CD) nesihlinzekimandla se-ethanol (E), kanjalo namafutha enziwe esuselwa ocwazini oluyimfucuza.
Befaka ikhmekhali etholakala ezitolo ebizwa nge- ‘cetane improver’, esetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa iqophelo likadizili ukuvumela injini ukuthi ishise okuthe xaxa iphinde yehlise ekuphuma njengentuthu.
Abacwaningi basebenzise injini kadizili enesilinda eyodwa elabhorethri lapho behlole ukusebenza kwenjini beqhathnisa izingxube zezihlinzekimandla ezahlukene.
Baphienda baqhathanisa ukusebenza ngodizili ojwayelekile wodwa.
Abacwaningi bakwazi ukuxuba i-ethanol kanye namafutha ocwazi oluyimfucuza bewuxuaba nodizili ojwayelekile ngendlela eyehlise ukuphuma kwentuthu ngaphandle kokulimaza ukusebenza.
Ingxube ka-90% kadizili:
5% wamafutha ocwazi oluyimfucuza:
5% we-ethanol ikhona okukhiphe intuthu encane kune kusebenza njengodizili ojwayelekile ngokuhlala isikhathi.
Baphinde bathola ukuthi ukusebenzisa ezinye izihlinzekimandla nodizili ojwayelekile akulikhuphuli izinga lokushisa egesini yepayipi lentuthu, okusho ukuthi impilo yaleyo ayiphazamiseki.
This is Amharic translation of DOI: 10.20944/preprints201806.0106.v1
This is Yoruba translation of DOI: 10.20944/preprints201806.0106.v1
This is Northern Sotho translation of DOI: 10.20944/preprints201806.0106.v1
This is Hausa translation of DOI: 10.20944/preprints201806.0106.v1
This is Luganda translation of DOI: 10.20944/preprints201806.0106.v1
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