Wata zuriyar SARS-CoV-2 Wani nau’in (A.23.1) tare da sauyin ƙaruwa ya fito kuma yana mamaye annobar ƙasar Uganda a halin yanzu

Sa-ido kan ƙwayoyin gadon SARS-CoV-2 a ƙasar Uganda yana ba da damar ba da cikakken bayanin juyin halittar ƙwayar cutar a wata ƙaramar ƙasa ta Gabashin Afirka.

A nan mun nuna wani sauyi na baya-bayan nan a cikin annoba ta gida tare da sabon zuriyar A.23 da ke tasowa zuwa A.23.1 wanda yanzu ya mamaye lamurran Uganda kuma ya bazu zuwa wasu ƙasashe 26.

Ko da yake ainihin sauye-sauye a cikin A.23.1 kamar yadda ya dace ya bambanta da sauye-sauye a cikin nau’o’i na damuwa (VOC), juyin halittar yana nuna haɗuwa a kan nau’in furutoci irin waɗannan.

Yankin aikin furotin mai ƙaruwa na A.23.1 ya tara sauye-sauye waɗanda suka yi kama da yawancin sauye-sauyen da aka gani a cikin VOC ciki har da wani sauyi a matsayi na 613, sauyi a cikin wurin tsagewar furin wanda ya shimfiɗa tushen amino acid, da sauye-sauye da yawa a cikin immunogenic yankin N-terminal.

Har ila yau, zuriyar A.23.1 ya ƙunshi sauye-sauye a cikin furotoci marasa ƙaruwa waɗanda sauran VOC ke nunawa (nsp6 da ORF8 da kuma ORF9).

Tasirin asibiti na nau’in A.23.1 bai riga ya fito fili ba, duk da haka yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba da lura da hankali da wannan nau’in, da kuma saurin kimanta sakamakon sauye-sauyen furotin mai ƙaruwa domin ingancin rigakafin.

Masu bincike sun ba da rahoto game da juyin halittar nau’in SARS-CoV-2 a ƙasar Uganda

A cikin shekarar 2021, masu bincike sun ba da rahoton cewa wani sabon nau'in SARS-CoV-2, ƙwayar cutar da take haifar da Covid-19, ta ɓulla a ƙasar Uganda kuma ta bazu zuwa wasu ƙasashe 26.

Sun sanya wa nau’in suna "A.23.1", kuma sun ce yana da sauye-sauye iri ɗaya a cikin furotoci da masu bincike suka lura a cikin wasu nau’o’in da suke damun duniya a wannan lokacin.

Masana kimiyya suna bin diddigin yadda bambance-bambancen coronavirus ke sauyawa ta yadda za su iya fahimtar yadda rigakafin zai iya aiki sosai a kan sababbin nau’o’in.

Covid-19 ta kashe mutane da yawa a faɗin duniya.

A cikin wani tsari da aka fi sani da sa-ido ga ƙwayoyin gado, masana kimiyya suna lura da yadda ƙwayoyin gado da kuma furotoci na ƙwayar cutar suke sauyawa yayin da suke yaɗuwa.

Suna amfani da wannan bayanin don sarrafa cutar da jagorantar samar da rigakafi.

Misali, ta hanyar fahimtar tsarin furotoci masu ƙaruwa na ƙwayar cutar, masu bincike za su iya tsara alluran rigakafin da suka fi dacewa da waɗancan furotoci don taimakawa hana ƙwayar cutar shiga ƙwayoyin halitta na mutum.

A cikin wannan binciken, masu bincike sun duba musamman yadda SARS-CoV-2 ke tasowa a ƙasar Uganda.

Masu bincike sun tantance jerin kwayoyin gado na cutar a cikin samfuran waɗanda suka kamu da COVID-19 da aka tattara a cikin ɗaukacin ƙasar Uganda.

Sun yi amfani da manhaja ta kwamfuta domin gano zuriyar (ko tarihin iyali) na nau’in da suka gano ta wannan hanyar (wanda ake kira A.23.1), kuma sun sami damar ganin inda bambance-bambancen ya dace da bishiyar dangin SARS-CoV-2.

Sakamakonsu ya nuna cewa bambance-bambancen A.23.1 kwanan nan ya samo asali ne daga wani bambance-bambancen da ake kira A.23, kuma an gano shi a cikin kashi 90% na duk samfuran waɗanda suka kamu.

A taƙaice dai, ta mamaye samfuran Uganda tun watan Oktoba na shekarar 2020.

Haka nan sun kuma gano cewa bambance-bambancen A.23.1 yana da sauye-sauye da yawa a cikin furotin mai ƙaruwa mai kama da sauye-sauyen da aka gani a wasu bambance-bambancen na damuwa.

Sauye-sauyen na iya sa bambance-bambancen ya zama mai saurin yaɗuwa (yana yaɗuwa cikin sauri), kuma ya fi juriya ga alluran rigakafi da kuma jiyya.

Wannan binciken yana ƙari ne ga ƙoƙarin ci gaba domin jera bambance-bambancen SARS-CoV-2 a duniya.

Sakamakon yana ƙara shaida mai girma cewa SARS-CoV-2 tana haɓaka da sauri yayin da take yaɗuwa domin kama mutane da kumwa gujewa rigakafin.

Ko ta yaya, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fahimtar mene ne ainihin tasirin ko ayyukan sauye-sauyen furotin mai ƙaruwa a cikin nau’in A.23.1 zai kasance.

Masu binciken sun ba da shawarar ƙarin sa-ido a kan ƙwayoyin halitta domin taimaka mana fahimtar yadda bambance-bambancen ƙwayoyin cuta suke amsa alluran rigakafin da ake samu a ƙasar Uganda da sauran ƙasashe.

Sun kuma ce sanya ido a kan tafiye-tafiyen ƙasashen duniya yana da muhimmanci ta yadda masu bincike za su ƙara fahimtar yadda ƙwayar cutar take yaɗuwa a cikin gida.