Umthelela we-metabolic resistance kuma-pytheroids egazini adla esithuthini esikhulu sikamalaleveva e-Afrika i-Anopheles funestus, esuselwa kwi-GST ne-P450.

Izimpawufuzo zokumelana nezibulalizinambuzane zivamise ukuhlotshaniswa nezinto ezikhiqiza imiphumela eminingi ezimpawini ezahlukene zempilo kamiyane.

Nokho, ulwazi oluncane lukhona emtheleleni wokumelana nezibulalizinambuzane emgudwini wokudla igazi.

Lapha, kusetsenziswa ama-metabolic marker amabili asanda kutholakala asuselwa kwi-DNA esithuthini esikhulu sikamalaleveva, i-Anopheles funestus, siphenye ukuthi izimpawufuzo ze-metabolic resistance zinomthelela kanjani enanini legazi ngesidlo.

Ngemva kokuvumela kokubili i-F1 kanye ne-lab F8 Anopheles funestus strains ukuthi idle engalweni yomuntu imizuzu engu-30, sihlole ukuhlobana phakathi kwemingcele ebalulekile yenqubo yokudla kwegazi okuhlanganisa, isikhathi sokuhlola, ubude besikhathi sokudla, impumelelo yokondla igazi, ubukhulu bokudla kwegazi, kanye izimpawu ze-glutathione S-transferase (L119F-GSte2) kanye ne-cytochrome P450 (CYP6P9a_R) -ukumelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-metabolic.

Ayikho kula mapharamitha omgudu wesidlo segazi ahlotshaniswa nokubukeka kwe-L119F-GSTe2.

Ngokuphambene, ku-CYP6P9a_R, omiyane abamelene ne-homozygous babekwazi kakhulu ukudla igazi kune-homozygous susceptible (NOMA = 3.3; CI 95%: 1.4-7.7; P = 0.01) omiyane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wokudla kwegazi ofakwe omiyane be-CYP6P9a-SS wawuphansi kunalowo we-CYP6P9a-RS (P<0.004) kanye ne-CYP6P9a-RR (P<0.006).

Lokhu kukhomba ukuthi uphawufuzo i-CYP6P9a luxhumene nokuphumela ukudla kanye nesidlo segaiz se-An funestus.

Nokho, akukho ukuhlobana okutholakele ekubhalweni kwe-CYP6P9a kanye nalokhu kokuqoshwa kwezimpawufuzo kwizakhamzimba zamathe ezibandakanyekayo emgudwini yesidlo segazi.

Lolu cwaningo luveza ukuthi i-metabolic resistance esuselwa kwi-P450 ingaba nomthelela emgudwini wesidlo segazi sikamiyane i-Anopheles funestus futhi ngenxa yalokho, ikhono lawo lokudlulisa izidligazi zikamalaleveva.

Omiyane ngathi sebeba ngcono ekusabalaliseni izidligazi zikamalaleveva kubantu

Abanye omiyane bakamalaleveva sebeguquke ukumelana amakhemikhali ayingozi enzelwe ukubabulala (izibulalizinambuzane).

Abacwaningi bathi inguqukofuzo kwimiyane yohlobo lwe-Anopheles funestus nokuyiyo eyimbangela yokukwazi ukumelana nesibulala zinambuzane kwalemiyane, ibukeka iphinde iyisize futhi le miyane ekutheni ikwazi ukumunca kangcono igazi labantu.

Lokhu kwenza le miyane ikwazi ukusabalalisa umalaleveva kalula.

Ezinye izinhlobo zemiyane efafaza umalaleveva ziyakwazi ukumelana okanye ukulwisana nezibulala zinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ngokuthi zihluze amakhemikhali emzimbeni yayo.

Lolu hlobo lokukwazi ukumelana nezibulala zinambuzane kubangelwa ukujwayela izakhi zofuzo kepha okuningi kakwaziwa mayelana nokuthi iyiphi enye inzuzo le miyane engaba nayo ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuthi ijwayele izakhi zofuzo lwezibulala zinambuzane.

Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi bebefuna ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ufuzo olutholakala ekuhluzeni amakhemikhali ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nezibulala zinambuzane kungenzeka yini lukwazi ukuyilekelela ekutheni ithuthukise indlela edla ngayo le miyane.

Bebefuna ukwazi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi ngabe le miyane ekwazi ukumelana nesibulala zinambuzane iyakwazi yini ukudla ngokushesha, munce igazi eliningi kunokwejwayelekile ngesikhathi idla.

Abacwaningi babheke ukuthi ngabe lezi zinhlobo zemiyane i-Anopheles funestus zidla kanjani bebheka indlela ezidla ngayo engalweni yomuntu esikhathini esingangemzuzu engama-30.

Babe sebekala ukuthi le miyane ilidla kanjani igazi bebheka ukuthi idle isikhathi esingakanani futhi lingakanani igazi ekwaze ukulimunca le miyane.

Baphinde bahlaziya izakhi zofuzo zalemiyane ukubona ukuthi ngabe izindlela zokudla ezehlukene zalemiyane ingamataniswa yini nenguquko kwizakhi zofuzo olutholakala kuyo nokuyilo olunikeza noma olwenza le miyane ukuthi ikwazi ukulwisana nezibulala zinambuzane.

Imiphumela ikuvezile ukuthi esisodwa sezakhi zofuzo ezikwazi ukulwisana nezibulala zinambuzane sinomthelela kwindlela le miyane ezidla ngayo.

Imiyane olunenguqukofuzo ethize ebenesisindo somzimba esincane futhi imunca igazi eliningi uma iqhathaniswa naleyo engenayo le nguqukofuzo.

Nokho le nguqukofuzo ayikhombisanga ukushintsha isikhathi le miyane edla ngaso futhi ayibanga yimbangela yokwenyuka noma ukwehla kwezakhi zomzimba le miyane eyisebenzisayo ukumunca igazi.

Lolu cwaningo luveza ubufakazi bokuthi inguqukofuzo eyenza le miyane ikwazi ukulwisana nezibulala zinambuzane ingaba yimbangela yezinye izici zokukwazi ukumelana nezimo kwalemiyane.

Kulesi simo, abancwaningi baqinisekisile ukuthi yiso lesi sakhisofuzo esikhombisa ukuba nomthelela kwindlela yokudla kulemiyane.

Lokhu kusemqoka ngoba imiyane idlulisa umalaleveva kubantu ngalesi sikhathi iminca igazi kubo.

Abacwaningi bathi ucwaningo olusazokwenziwa kumele lubuke lugxile ekutheni lezi zakhi zofuzo zinomtholela kanjani kwindlela le miyane edla ngayo nanokuthi ingaba nomthelela kanjani kwindlela imiyane le ehlangana ngayo ukuthi izalisane kanye nakwindlela esabalalisa ngayo umalaleveva.

Baphinde baqwashise ukuthi ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesikhathi socwaningo akubanga yimpumelelo nokungenzeka ukuthi lokho kube nomthelela emiphumeleni yocwaningo.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zemiyane kanye nendlela eziphatha ngayo kushintsha kanjani ngenxa yokuzama kwethu njengabantu ukuyilawula le miyane, njengakho ukuthi sisebenzise izibulala zinambuzane njalo.

Ababhali balolu cwaningo bebezinze ezweni lase-Cameroon nokuyilapho bethathe isampula yemiyane abathize base beyisebenzisa kulolu cwaningo.