Ukubuyekezwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kokusabalala kwamagciwane ohlobo lwe-Strep A emm ezwenikazi lase Afrika ukuze ukuthuthukiswe uhlobo lwemigomo ekhiqizwayo

Isendlalela

Uhlelo lokwenza oluphakanyiswe njengokuyilo olumelwe ukusetshenziswa uma ngabe sekwenziwa ucwaningo esikhatbhini esizayo, lubheka i-Streptococus kanye nokugadwa kokusebenza kwe M protein.

Siveza izinhlobo ze-amm e-Afrika, sihlaziye ukuthi ngabe umgomo ungakwazi ukuba nomthelela kwezingaki.

Indlela yokwenza

Ababuyekezi ababili bahlole ulwazi oluthathwe kucwaningo olwenziwe, babe sebethatha ulwazi kulo oluhambisanayo nocwaningo abebelwenza.

Ukuhlaziywa kolwzi kwenziwe ukuze kuhlanganiswe amaphesenti ehlukene okwanda kwe emm.

Imiphumela

Ucwaningo uluyisishiyagalombili (n=1,595 wokuhlukana) luveze ukuthi izinhlobo zegciwane eziseqoqweni le emm ingama-E6 (18%, 95% ku-confidence interval(CI) 12.6; 24.0%), ebese ilandelwa ngamaE3 (14%, 95%CI, 11.2;17.4%) ku E4 (13%, 95%CI, 9.5; 16.0%).

Kunokushintshashintsha okungnakekile kwiqoqo le-emm kokumayelana nezifunda, iminyaka kanye sesimosenhlalo kwi-Afrika yonkana.

Uma kubhekwa umgomo omayelana ne-emm nokuwumgomo oveza ukuvikela kwizinhlobo eziwu-30 ezehlukene zegciwane, kuvela ukuthi angama-80.3% wamaphesenti engavikela ngawo e-Afrika

Isiphetho

Lesi sibuyekezo siveza ukuthi uhlobo lwegciwane olwande kakhulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika yi-E6 ilandelwa yi-E3, E4 kanye ne-D4.

Lo mgomo okhona njengamanje olwisana nezinhlobo zegciwane ezingama-30 uzosebenza kakhulu kwizinhlobo zegciwane ezingaphansi kwe-emm.

Imizamo yocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo ingabhekiswa ekubhekeni kabanzi ngezinhlobo zemigomo eziwu-30 ezingaba nomthelela kubantu abasengupheni kakhulu yokuhlaelwa yilo lolu bhubhane.

Ukubaluleka:

Ukutholakala kancane komgomo kuyawukhathaza umnyango wezempilo ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka lapho khona ulwazi ngobhubhane lwentula.

Ukuthuthukisa ulwazi mayelana nokwenziwa komgomo wegciwane elikwiqoqo lokuqala i-streptoccus (Strep A) sibika ngesifundo esimayelana ne-M protein ekwiqoqo le emm.Kubheka ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane e-Afrika nezifo ezinye eziphathelene nalo kanye nezifo eziwumphumela walo leli gciwane okubalwa kuzo umkhuhlane ongathathelani odala ukuvuvuka kanye nobuhlungu emajoyintini amathambo emzimbeni, kanjalo nomkhuhlane obangela uvaleka kwamavalufu enhliziyo.

Lo mbiko we-emm ezwenikazi i-Afrika ukhombisa ukwanda komngomo omataniswe ne-M protein nosahlolwa kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zegciwane ezitholakala kwiqoqo le emm.

Abacwaningi ezwenikazi i-Afrika bathole imigomo engcono engalwisana nohlobo lwamagciwane e-Streptococcus

Emveni kokubheka ucwaningo olwehlukahlukene olumayela nalolu hlobo lwamabhakithiliya, abacwaningi bakwazile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe Ilona luphi uhlobo oluvamile e-Afrika.

Okutholakele ocwaningweni olwenziwe kuzothuthukisa ucwaningo olunye olumayelana nemigomo engcono yokulwisana nezinhlobo ezithize zamagciwane.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane elikwiqoqo-A ohlobeni lwamabhakithiliya e-Streptococcus kungabangela izifo eziyingozi okubalwa kuzona inyumoniya kanye ne-toxic shock syndrome nengambulala umuntu uma engenwe yiyo.

E-Afrika bayizigidigidi ezingama-1.78 abantu abatholakala betheleleke ngalolu hlobo lwegciwane njalo ngonyaka.

Zingaphezu kuka-200 izinhlobo noma ‘izinhlobo’ ze-GAS ezihlonziwe, ngakho ososayensi baye basungula uhlelo lokuhlanganisa izinhlobo, ngokusekelwe kumehluko wephrotheni ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-M protein.

Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela babe sebesungula umgomo obhekene ngqo namaqoqo anezinhlobo ezifanayo zegciwane nokuyiqoqo elaziwa nge-emm.

Umngomo lo usungulwe kusetshenziswa ulwazi olutholakele ocwaningweni olwenziwe emazweni asethuthukile, kepha luncane kakhulu ulwazi olukhona olumayelana nokuthi ngabe lo mgomo uzosebenza yini e-Afrika.

Kulolucwaningo abacwaningi baqhathanise ulwazi oluvela ocwaningweni olunye oselwenziwe olumayelana naleli gciwane emazweni ase-Afrika ukuze bakwazi ukuthola ukuthi kulezi zinhlobo ezehlukaniswe ngamaqoqo ngabe Ilona luphi uhlobo oluvamile ezwenikazi i-Afrika.

Kahle kahle bebefuna ukuthola ukthi ngabe lo mgomo okhona njengamanje uzoba nomthelela omungakanani kwisifunda sase-Afrika.

Abacwaningi baqale ngokubheka kabanzi imibhalo yesayensi ekhuluma ngalo leli gciwane e-Afrika, babe sebenciphisa abakutholile kuze kufike kulokho okubhekana ngqo nezinhlobo zegciwane ezikwiqoqo le-emm.

Inani locwaningo abalwenzile selilonke liba yisishiyagalombili nolwenziwe emazweni amahlanu. La mazwe kubalwa kuwo iNingizimu Afrika, iMali, iTanzania kanye nezwe laseTunisia.

Ngokuhlaziyisisisa ucwaningo olwenziwe kulamazwe, abacwaningi bakwazile ukukhomba ukuthi imaphi amaqoqo egciwane avamile nanokuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezehluke ngazodwana ezitholakele.

Babe sebeqhathanisa ulwazi abalutholile nezinhlobo ezithize zegciwane eziqondwezibhekene ngqo nohlobo lomgomo omusha owenziwe.

Bathola ukuthi izinhlobo ezine ezivele kumazwe ase-Afrika ehlukene kepha zange babone umehluko omngako eminyakeni kanye nakwisimo senhlalo sabantu abahlaselwa yizo lezi zinhlobo zegciwane.

Uma beqhathanisa izinhlobo zegciwane ezitholakala e-Afrika kanye nomngomo wokuvikela lezi zinhlobo, bathola ukuthi lo mgomo ungakwazi ukuvikela ngamaphasenti angama-60%

Abacwaningi bayakuveza nokho ukuthi lo mgomo kungenzeka uvikele kangcono kulezi zinhlobo zegciwane eziseqoqweni elilodwa le-emm.

Uma sekujovwa abantu, lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mgomo ungavikela abantu ezinhlotsheni zegciwane ezingam,aphesenti angama-80% kuzona zonke izinhlobo zaleli gciwane ezitholaka e-Afrika.

Izphumo zocwaningo ziyaveza ukuthi umngomo waleli gciwane ungasebenza ukuvikela e-Afrika, kepha abacwaningi bayakuveza futhi ukuthi izinhlobo zegciwane ezingaphansi kweqoqo le-emm kazifani nalezo ezitholakala kwamanye amazwe omhlaba.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukuvela kancane kwezinye izinhlobo zegciwane kungenza ukuthi uma ngabe kwenziwa umgomo, ube nomthelela omkhulu usebenze e-Afrika ukulwisana negciwane.

Abacwaningi bakubalulile nokuthi luyashoda ulwazi ngaleli gciwane emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika asatotoba ngakwezomnotho.

Ngakho-ke ukwengeza ngolwazi oluvela kulamazwe kungenza ososayensi bayiqonde kabanzi inkinga.

Kunezinhlobo zegciwane ezingeyona ingxenye yalezo ezitholakalo kwiqoqo le-emm, lokhu kungabangelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha.

Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo olugxile ekutholeni ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ngabe zingena ngaphansi kwaluphi uhla okanye iqoqo, lungasiza ekutheni kusungulwe uhlobo lo mgomo ozobanomthelela nakuzo ebese uba nemiphumela emihle kubantu abaguliswa yilo leli gciwane e-Afrika.

Lolu cwaningo lugqamisa izindawo ezibalulekile zokwenza olunye ucwaningo e-Afrika futhi lungolokuqala lokubheka izinhlobo zegciwane ezingaphansi kwe-emm ezwenikazi i-Afrika.

Umsebenzi lo wenziwe ngokubambisana kwabacwaningi baseNingizimu Afrika kanye nabasezweni laseMelika.