Ewu ààrùn jẹjẹrẹ láàrin àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn àgbà kéékèèké tí ó ń gbé pẹ̀lú HIV ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa: Ìwádìí ẹgbẹ́ àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè

Ìpàjùbà

A ṣèwádìí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àti okùnfà ewu fún oríṣiríṣi àwọn ààrùn jẹjẹrẹ láàrin àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn àgbà kéékèèké tí ó ń gbé pẹ̀lú HIV (AYALWH) ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa láàrin ọdún 2004 àti ọdún 2014.

Àwọn ọ̀nà àágbegbà

A ṣàfikún ọjọ́-orí 15 sí 24 nínú ìwádìí àpawọ́pọ̀ṣe lórí HIV àti jẹjẹrẹ ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa, ẹ̀gbé tó tóbi tí ó jẹ́ àyọrísí ìsopọ̀ láàrin òsùwon àyẹ̀wò ajẹmọ́-HIV láti ilé-iṣẹ́ ibùdó àyẹ̀wò ètò-ìlera àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè àti ibùdó àpapọ̀ àkọsílẹ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ jẹjẹrẹ.

A ṣàkọsílẹ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àwọn jẹjẹrẹ tí ó wọ́pọ̀ jùlọ.

A wo ìkanra láàrin àwọn jẹjẹrẹ náà àti ẹ̀yà-ìbí, ọdún ìbí, àti iye kuulu-ẹ̀jẹ̀ CD4 pẹ̀lú ìṣàmúlò módẹ́ẹ̀lì Cox àti òṣùwòn alátúntò ásáàdì (aHR).

Ìwádìí

A ṣe àfikún 782,454 AYALWH (89% abo).

Nínú àwọn wọ̀nyìí, 867 jẹ ààrùn jẹjẹrẹ yọ tí ó fi mọ́ 429 tí ó jẹ Kaposi sakóma yọ, aláìní-ọjigin lìkómà 107, ọjigin lìkómà 48, jẹjẹjẹ òbò 45, àti lukémíà 32.

Kaposi sakóma wọ́pọ̀ lára àwọn ọjọ́ orí 20-24 ju ọjọ́ orí 15-19 lọ (aHR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.86).

Ẹ̀yà-ìbí akọ ní Kaposi sakóma lópọ̀ (aHR 2.06, 95% CI 1.61-2.63), aláìní-ọjigin lìkómà (aHR 3.17, 95% CI 2.06-4.89), ọjigin lìkómà (aHR 4.83, 95% 2.61-8.93), àti lukémíà (aHR 5.90, 95% CI 2.87-12.1).

CD4 tó kéré ní ipò-ìpìlẹ̀ ní Kaposi sakóma lọ́pọ̀, jẹjẹrẹ òbò, aláìní-ọjigin lìkómà àti ọjigin lìkómà.

Títúmọ̀

Àwọn jẹjẹrẹ ajẹmárùn-kíkó ni irú àwọn jẹjẹrẹ tí ó wọ́pọ̀ jùlọ láàárín àwọn AYALWH ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa.

Ìnira àwọn jẹjẹrẹ yìí lè di dídínkù nípa àbẹ́rẹ́ àjẹsára HPV, àyẹ̀wò tó fojú sun HIV, ìmúwọlé ìtọ́jú ara ajẹmọ́-ìdèènà ààrùn, àti ìmúgbéga bá ìtọ́jú tó yẹ.

Àwọn ọ̀dọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa tí ó ní HIV àti CD4 tó kéré súmọ́ ewu àtiní jẹjẹrẹ gidi gan-an.

Àwọn ènìyàn tí ó ń gbé pẹ̀lú HIV láàrin ọjọ́ orí 15 sí 24 tí ó ní CD4 tó kéré súmọ́ ewu àtiní jẹjẹrẹ gidi gan-an, pàápàá jùlọ jẹjẹrẹ tí kòkòkò fáírọ́sì ń fà tí ó ń lépa àti sọ adèènà-àrùn ara di aláìlágbára.

Àwọn Aṣèwádìí dábàá ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò jẹjẹrẹ òbò fún àwọn ọ̀dọ́ tí wọ́n ní ààrùn HIV, bákan náà fífún àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní abẹ́rẹ́ àjẹsára láti dèènà HPV (fairọ̀sì- papilóma èèyàn, tí ó ń fa jẹjẹrẹ òbò).

Wọ́n tún gba ìyànjú àyẹ̀wò HIV púpọ̀ síi àti bíbẹ̀ẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtọ́jú lọ́wọ́ fáírọ́sì-àǹtìrítíró ní kété tí ó bá ti yá látì gbìyàjú àti dèènà jẹjẹrẹ tí àwọn ààrùn ń fà látàri àìlágbára adèènà-àrù.

Ààrùn HIV láàrin àwọn ọ̀dọ́ jẹ́ ìṣòro ńlá ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa.

Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ńsì ti mọ̀ pé àwọn tí wọn ń gbé pẹ̀lú kòkòrò HIV wà nínú ewu àti ní jẹjẹrẹ gan-an, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kò tíi wo okùnfà jẹjẹrẹ láàrín àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní pàtàkì.

Ní inú iṣẹ́ ìwádìí yìí, àwọn aṣèwádìí fẹ́ wo iye ọ̀dọ́ mélòó ni ó ní HIV tí ó sì tún ní jẹjẹrẹ, àti bí ewu náà ṣe lè rí fún oríṣiríṣi àwọn jẹjẹrẹ.

Wọ́n wò àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn aláìsàn láàrin ọjọ́-orí 15 àti 24 kan ní pàtó ní South Africa láàrin ọdún 2004 àti 2014.

Wọ́n wo àsopọ̀ láàrin oríṣiríṣi àwọn jẹjẹrẹ àti, fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹ̀yà-ìbí, ọjọ́-orí, àti iye kuulu-ẹ̀jẹ̀-CD4 aláìsàn náà.

Àwọn aṣèwádìí náà jábọ̀ pé Kaposi sakóma ni jẹjẹrẹ tó wọ́pọ̀ jùlọ, àtẹ̀lé ni aláìní-ọjigin lìkómà, ọjigin lìkómà, jẹjẹjẹ òbò, àti lukémíà.

Wọ́n rò pé Kaposi sakóma, tí ààrùn kòkòrò fáírọ́sì ń fà, ni ó pọ̀jù torí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ni wọ́n wà lábẹ́ ìtọ́jú HIV.

Púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ tí wọn kò sí lábẹ́ ìtọ́jú HIV lè ní adèènà-ààrùn aláìlágbára láti lè bá kòkòrò fáírọ́sì náà wọ̀yá ìjà.

Àwọn aṣèwádìí náà tún ṣàwárí pé ewu àtijẹ jẹjẹrẹ yọ gbé sókè láàrin àwọn ènìyàn ọjọ́-orí 20 sí 24 ju àwọn ènìyàn ọjọ́-orí 15 sí 19 lọ.

Fún bí àpẹẹre, wọ́n ṣàwárí pé púpọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀dá láàrin ọjọ́-orí 20-24 jẹ jẹjẹrẹ kasinómà tí kò jẹ mọ́ òbò yọ àti Kaposi sakóma.

Èsì wọn tún fi hàn pé àwọn ọkùnrin ni iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ oríṣiríṣi jẹjẹrẹ tó pọ̀ púpọ̀ nítorí pé 11% àwọn ọkùnrin ni kò ní jẹjẹrẹ.

Àwọn aṣèwádìí jábọ̀ pé àfi lukémíà nìkan, CD4 tó kéré jẹ́ títọpa bá iye jẹ́ ṣíso pọ̀ mọ́ ìwọ́pọ̀ jẹjẹrẹ, pàápàá jùlọ Kaposi sakóma.

Wọ́n ṣàkíyèsí CD4 tó ga díẹ̀ síi nínú àwọn ọjọ́ orí 15-19 yàtọ̀ sí ọjọ́-orí 20-24.

Èyí ni iṣẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ tó gbòòrò tí yóò wo ewu jẹjẹrẹ láàrin àwọn tí ó ní ààrun HIV káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa.

Ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú bí ó ṣe wo àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn aláìsàn 800 000, àwọn aṣèwádìí sọ pé iye oríṣìí àwọn jẹjẹrẹ kọ̀ọ̀kan kéré.

Wọ́n tún sọ pé àwọn kò rí àwọn àlàyé tó wúlò mìíran àwọn aláìsàn gbà.

Wọ́n kìlọ̀ pé àwọn aṣèwádìí mìíràn lè ti lo àwọn ọ̀nà mìíràn láti sọ ọ̀nà ìwáyé jẹjẹrẹ, nítorí náà àwọn èsì náà lè má rọrùn láti fi wé àwọn mìíràn.

Àwọn ọ̀dọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa tí ó ní HIV àti CD4 tó kéré súmọ́ ewu àtiní jẹjẹrẹ gidi gan-an.

Ewu ààrùn jẹjẹrẹ láàrin àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn àgbà kéékèèké tí ó ń gbé pẹ̀lú HIV ní orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa: Ìwádìí ẹgbẹ́ àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè

Ìpàjùbà

Àwọn ọ̀nà àágbegbà

Ìwádìí

Títúmọ̀

Àwọn ọ̀dọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè South Africa tí ó ní HIV àti CD4 tó kéré súmọ́ ewu àtiní jẹjẹrẹ gidi gan-an.

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