Zulu Translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
I-enset (Ensete ventricosum) isitshalo esinemisebenzi eminingi esitsalwe kakhulu eningizimu neningizimu nentshonalanga yaseTopiya sitshalelwe ukudla kwabantu nokezilwane.
Sinomthelela ekuphepheni kokudla nezimpilo zabantu abawu-20 miliyoni.
Ama enset landraces athize atshalelwa imisebenzi yawo emithini yesintu.
Izinguquko zomnotho nokulahleka kolwazi lwezinto zemvelaphi kungaholela ekwehleni kwama-landraces emithi abalulekile nokuhluka kofuzo okuhambisana nawo.
Nokhoke, akwaziwa okwamanje ukuthi ama landrace emithi ehlukanisiwe ngofuzo kwamanye ama-landraces.
Lapha, sihlukanisa ukuhlukahluka kofuzo lwama enset landraces ukweseka ukonga imvelo nokusebenzisa ukuhlukahluka kwawo.
Sihlaziye ukuhlukahluka kofuzo lwama-enset landraces awu-51 okutholakale awu-38 awo enokusebenza njengemithi.
Kutholakale ama-alleles awu-38 uma esephelele kuma-15 SSR loci.
I-AMOVA iveze ukuthi u-97.6% wezinhlobo zofuzo itholakala ohlobeni olune FST ka 0.024 phakathi kwama-landrace emithi nalawo okungesiwo emithi.
Isihlahla esihlangene ngokuba umakhelwane sikhombise amaqoqwana amane angahlangaani nokusetshenziswa kwama-landraces.
Uhlaziyo ngqangi lukhombise ukuthi khona amaqoqwana athize angatholakalanga phakathi kwamaqoqo, lukhombise ukuhluka okuncane kuma-landraces asetshenziselwa imithi yesintu nokuthi abeneminye imisebenzi.
Sithole ukuthi ama-enset landraces abeqoqelene ngaphandle kokuthi asebenza kanjani, okungakhombisanga bufakazi phakathi kokuhluka kofuzo phakathi kwama-enset akhuliselwe imithi namalandrace angakhuliselwanga yona.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuthi bama-enset bungavinjwa izinhlobo zofuzo ezimbalwa, ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo nezindlela zokuphatha, noma zingabikwa kahle.
Ucwaningo lwethule ulwazi oluyisisekelo olugquqguzela olunye uphenyo lokusebenzisa ubuthi balama-landraces lawa.
I-enset, isivuno sokudla nemithi yesintu esibalulekile okumele sivikelwe, sinezinhlobo eziningi ngokwabaseTopiya, kodwa abacwaningi bathole ukuhluka kofuzo okumbalwa pakathi kwalama-“landraces”.
Ama-“landraces” ayizinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezibonakala ngamehlo ukuhluka kwazo.
ETopiya, ama-enset landrace ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa njengemithi yesintu elungisa amathambo ephukile, alaphe isifo sesibindi, noma alaphe isifo sohudo.
Amanye asetshenziselwa ukudla, ukudla kwezilwane nomcayo - isitshalo asikhuliselwa izithelo saso, kodwa enye ingxenye yesiqu ingadliwa.
Ngeshwa, i-enset yemithi isengcupheni enkulu yokuphela njengesitshalo ukudlula ezinye izinhlobo ezitshalelwa ukudla ngenxa yokuguquka kwezomnotho nokulahleka kolwazi lwezinto zesintu.
Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini ngama-enset lwabheka izitshalo zasezindaweni ezithile, kodwa kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi baphenye ukuhlukahluka kofuzo kwama-enset emithi, nokuhlobana kofuzo phakathi kwama-landraces.
Ngokuqonda ufuzo lwama-enset kangcono, ososayensi bengenza izinqumo eziphusile zokonga lezi zitshalo ezibalulekile ngokwesiko neziqu zazo.
Ukukhomba ama-landraces abalulekile, abacwaningi bakhulume nabadala bezigodi ezahlukene ezine eTopiya.
Baqhathanise ufuzo lwalawa ma-landraces emithi nasesampuleni lama-landrace angasiwo omuthi asetshenziselwa ukudla.
Okuthakazelisayo, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi yize kunokwehlukana ezitshalweni ngazinye, izitshalo zama-enset zokudla nemithi bezingahlukile kakhulu ngofuzo uma zizodwa.
Abukho ukufakazi obukhomba ukuthi ama-landraces anamagama ahlukile, kodwa asetshenziswa ukulapha izipho ezifanayo, akha amaqoqo ofuzo athize.
Sekushiwo lokho, abacwaningi babone ukusondelanda kofuzo phakathi kwezitshalo ezaziwa ngagama lesintu elithize, okusho ukuthi abantu basendaweni bakwazi ukuwabona ama-landraces athize ngamehlo, bawahlukanise ngokucophelela.
Lokhu okutholakele kwandisa olwazini olwandayo lofuzo lwama-enset, okusiza ngemizamo yokonga imvelo ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kwama-landrace emithi abalulekile.
Lolu lwazi ngofuzo lungasiza abanye abacwaningi baphenye izakhi zemithi kuma enset esikhathini esizayo.
Abacwaningi babeke izizathu ezimbalwa zokufana kofuzo abazitholile.
Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi zonke izitshalo zama-enset zinakho ukuba imithi, kodwa amanye ama-landraces akhethelwa izizathu zamasiko.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukuba imithi kwezinye izitshalo kuhlanganiswa nemvelo yazo, nezitshalo eziba nezakhi zemithi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithize ezingakhula kuzo.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukuqhathanisa izakhi zama-biochemical zama-landraces angafani kungavula imiqondo ejulile ezingeni lemithi eliphezulu.
Lolu cwaningo lwakhe ingxenye lokuhlanganyela okukhulu phakathi kwe-UK nabacwaningi abagxile e-Afrika abahlose ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokudla nokuqonda ezemithi yokwelapha esitshalweni esiyi-enset.
Luganda translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
Amharic translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
Hausa translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
Northern Sotho(Sepedi) translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
Yoruba translation of DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.274852
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