Indlela Yezinhlelo Ikhomba Abalawuli Ababalulekile Be-HPV-Positive Umdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho

Indlela Yezinhlelo Ikhomba Abalawuli Ababalulekile Be-HPV-Positive Umdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho

Abstract

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho usalokhu uyisona sifo esivama kakhulu futhi esibulala kakhulu kwabesifazane emhlabeni ngoba sithathe abantu abangaphezu kuka-250,000 ngo-2019.

Cishe amaphesenti ayisishuyagalolunye nanhlanu wezikhawu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uhlotshaniswa nokuphathwa okubeleselayo yi-HPV enobungcuphe obuphezulu, kanti amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa wazo ahlotshaniswa nokuba yingxenye yeseli kwegciwane kwi-genome ewumsingathi.

Ukuphathwa yi-HPV kuletha izinguquko ezithile ebuxhakaxhakeni obulawulayo bamaseli, ezinokuhlola isifo, ukuqagula isifo kanye nokubaluleka.

Lapha, senze uhlaziyo lwamazinga ezinhlelo lwe zinguquko zobuxhakaxhaka obulawulayo, kanye nesakhamzimba esilawulayo esihlobanisekayo emdlavuzeni womlomo wesibeletho one-HPV.

Senze i-functional pathway analysis ukuveza ukuthi imidlavuza ene-HPV anokuphazamiseka kwezinqubeko ezimbalwa zamaseli, kakhulu kulezi ezincikaniswe nomjikelezo weseli, ukuphindaphindeka kwamaseli, ukusayina kwe-cytokine namaseli amasosha omzimba.

Sisebenzisa ukugaqula kwekhompyutha, siveze ukuthi imidlavuza yomlomo wesibeletho ene-HPV ilawulwa ama-transcription factor ukubala i-SOX2, E2F, NANOG, OCT4 kanye ne-MYC okulawula izinqubeko eziningana ezifana nokuvuselela kwamaseli omdlavuza asengaba olunye uhlobo lwamaseli, kanye nokwanda nokuhlukaniseka kwamaseli ezimila.

Ngokuhlaziyo ama-upstream regilatory kinas, sihlonze ama-kinas avuswa yi-mitogen kwamanye, i-MAPK1, MAPK3 kanye ne-MAPK8, kanye nama-kinas ancike kuma-cyclin; kwamanye i-CDK1, CDK2 kanye ne-CDK4 njengama-kinas awukhiye alawula izinqubeko zokuphilayo emidlavuzeni yomlomo wesibeletho ene-HPV.

Sekukonke, simbula ukubukeka kwemigidu nezakhamzimba okubalulekile nokulawulayo emidlavuzeni yomlomo wesibeletho, konke lokho okungahlinzeka okuhliswe ngemishanguzo okuhehayo kwemithi yokwelapha yakusasa.

Summary Title

Okungase kube okuhlosiwe ngemishanguzo yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho oyamaniswe ne-HPV

Abacwaningi sebekhombe amamolekhuli athile nemigudu njengokungase kube okuhlosiwe ngemishanguzo ukulapha abesifazane abanomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho eyamaniswe nokuba ne-Huma Papillomavirus (HPV).

Kususelwa emininingweni yeziguli kanye neziqagulo ezenziwe ngamakhompyutha, baphakamisa ama-transcription factor ambalwa kanye namanye ama-signalling protein, alawula izimo ezifana nokukhula nokuhlukana kwamaseli, kungahloswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokwelashwa.

Cishe u-90% wezikhawu zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho zenzeka emazweni athuthuke kancane, lapho umthwalo wezifo umkhulu ngokungalingani.

Iwona mdlavuza obulala kunayo yonke kwabesifazane, obulala abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-300 000 emhlabeni ngonyaka.

Ngaphambi kwalolu cwaningo, i-Cancer Genome Atlas Project, kwezinye izinhlanagano, yadweba izakhifuzo nezakhimzimba ezibandakanyekayo emdlavuzeni womlomo wesibeletho.

Ezingeni lamamolekhuli, baveze ngokucacisiwe ukuthi ukuma komlomo wesibeletho onomdlavuza uhluke kanjani emlonyeni wesibeletho esingenempilo.

Lolu cwaningo belubheke ukuveza ngqo ukuthi lowo mehluko uqhamuka kanjani, ngamanye amazwi, lezi zakhimzimba nezakhifuzo ezibandakanyekayo zezimila zomlomo wesibeletho zivuswa, zilaliswe, zenyuke noma zehle kanjani.

Ngokuhlonza amamolekhuli abalulekile abandakanyekayo ebuxhakaxhakeni obulawula lezi zakhifuzo nezakhimzimba, abacwaningi bengakha imishanguzo evala ngqo imigudu yazo.

Ukuhlonza la mamolekhuli alawulayo nemigudu, abacwaningi base-Zambia naseNingizimu Afrika baqhathanise imininingo yezakhifuzo ezigulini ezinomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ababetholakale ukuthi banayo i-HPV nemininingo yeziguli ezingenawo umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Ngenkathi sebehlonze umehluko obonakalayo phakathi kweqoqo eline-HPV, basebenzisa izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ezinamandla ukuqagula imigudu elawulayo namamolekhuli abandakanyekayo.

Okukhulu abakuthola kwaba ukuthi i-HPV ithinta imigudu ebandakanyekayo ekukhuleni nokuhlukana kwamaseli, ngakho ababhali baveza ukuthi umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungasabela emishanguzweni ebhekene nale migudu.

Loku kuhambisana nokukhona okutholwe kokwelapha ukuthi imidlavuza yomlomo wesibeletho ikhombisa ukusabela okukhulu emishanguzweni emisa inqubeko yemjikelezo.

Imigudu ebandakanyekayo ekuvuvukaleni nasekuvikelekeni nawo athintiwe kulolu cwaningo.

Abacwaningi bathi umsebenzi omningi usadingeka ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwemigudu yamamolekhuli abandakanyekayo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomdlavuza.

Ngoba u-95% wezikhawu zomdlavuza womlomo wesinye ehlotshaniswa nokuphathwa okubeleselayo i-HPV enobungcuphe obuphezulu, ukwembula ukuthi lesi sifo axhumana kanjani namamolekhuli omzimba kuwukhiye ekutholeni izindlela ezingcono zokwelapha abesifazane e-Afrika nasemhlabeni.