Ukugxila Kwe-Serum Yomama Ye-Selenium, Umthofi ne-Zinki Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa kuhlotshaniswa Nengozi Yokuzalwa Okuzenzakalelayo Ngaphambi Kokuzalwa: Ucwaningo lokulawula icala oluvela eMalawi

Ukugxila Kwe-Serum Yomama Ye-Selenium, Umthofi ne-Zinki Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa kuhlotshaniswa Nengozi Yokuzalwa Okuzenzakalelayo Ngaphambi Kokuzalwa: Ucwaningo lokulawula icala oluvela eMalawi

Abstract

Ukuteta ngaohambi kwesikhathi ukubeletha ngaphambi kokuqedaamaviki awu-37.

Ucwaningo lwenziwa ukuhlolisisa ukuhlobana kokushuba kwesileniyami, umthofi kanye nezinki kwi-serum yomama, kanye nokuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Bekanabesifazane abawu-181 kulolu cwaningo lapho umuntu aziwa ngegama. u-90/181 (u-49.7%) zafika esikhathini kanti u-91/181 (u-50.3%) bateta singakafiki isikhathi.

Isibalomaphakathi sokushuba kwe-serum sesileniyamu bekuwu-77.0; SD 19.4µg/L, umthofi bekuwu-2.50; SD 0.52 mg/L kanti izinki bekuwu-0.77; SD 0.20 mg/L namananisiqhathaniso ka-47-142µg/L, 0.76-1.59mg/L kanye no-0.59-1.11 mg/L, ngokulandelana.

Kulaba abatete ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isibalomaphakathi sokushuba kwesileniyamu sasiwu-79.7; SD 21.6µg/L, umthofi kwakuwu-2.61; 0.57mg/L, kanti izinki kwakuwu- 0.81; SD 0.20 mg/L kuqhathaniswa nabatete ngesikhathi: isileniyamu (74.2; SD 16.5µg/L; p=0.058), umthofi (2.39; SD 0.43 mg/L; p = 0.004), kanye nezinki (0.73; SD 0.19 mg/L; p= 0.006) ngokulandelana.

Ekuhlaziyweni okulungisiwe, konke ukwenyuka kwamayunithi ekushubeni kwesileniyamu kwaphula amathuba okuba i-case OR 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99; 1.03), p=0.234, umthofi OR 1.62 (95% CI: 0.80; 3.32); p = 0.184, izinki OR 6.88 (95% CI: 1.25; 43.67); p=0.032.

Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi bekungekho ukushoda kwesileniyamu, kanye nezinki kanye nokushuba komthofi okuphezulu kwe-serum ekukhulelweni.

Ukuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuhlotshaniswe nokushuba okuphezulu komthofi nezinki kwi-serum komama.

Summary Title

Ukushuba kwezinki, umthofi kanye nesileniyamu okuhlatshaniswe nokuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Abacwaningi bathole ukushuba kwemisoco edingeka kancane isiliniyamu, umthofi kanye nezinki kubantu besifazane abateta ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa abakazi noma loku kushuba okuphezulu kuqhamuka ekudleni abakudlayo yini.

Ukuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwenzeka uma owesifazane eteta ngaphambi kwamasonto awu-37 okukhulelwa.

Ukuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuhlotshaniswa nemiphumela yezempilo engemihle engani kusukela ezicini ekuzalwani kuye ekufeni.

Zingaba ziningi izimbangela zokuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kodwa indima yokushuba okuohezulu kwemisoco edingakala kancane etholakala ekudleni nasemvelweni ayaziwa kahle.

Le misoco edingeka kancane ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwengane, kodwa abacwaningi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi kwenzakalani uma isikhona ngokweqile.

Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi baphokophele ukukala amanani esileniyami, umthofi kanye nezinki kwabesifazne abatete ngapgambi kwesikhathi, bese behlonza amathuba okuthi ukuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubangwe amanani aphezulu ale misoco ngamunye ecwaningiwe.

Abacwaningi baqoqe amasampula egazi kwabesifazane abawu-181 ngemuva nje kokuthi betete ezibhedlela ezimbili eLilongwe, inhlokodolobha yaseMalawi, ohakathi kuka-June 2016 no-March 2017.

Bathutha amasapmula egazi aya elabhorethri e-Norway lapho abakhipha khona i-serum, isimo esicwebile kangcono segazi, base bekala amanani esileniyamu, umthofi kanye nezinki.

Cishe uhhafu walaba besifazane abayi-181 ocwaningweni bateta ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanti abacwaningi bathola amazinga aphezulu kakhulu esileniyamu, umthofi kanye nezinki.

Babe sebefanelisa izibalo zabo ukucabangela eminye imithelela efana neminyaka, isimo nje sempilo, kanye nomlando wokukhulelwa ukuze bavumulule le mithelela esolwayo yale misoco edingeka kancane ekubangeleni ukuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Baphethe ngokuthi amanani aphezulu esileniyami nomthofi awadlalanga indima ebonakalayo ekubangeleni ukuteta ngaphamabi kwesikhathi, kodwa ukuthi amanani aphezulu ezinki ayikhuphulile ingcuphe yokuteta ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngezikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-6.

Amanani aphezulu omthofi abedala ukukhathazeka kubacwaningi, ngenxa yokwaziwa kwemithelela yawo enobuthi.

Ukuba nabesifazane abawu-181 kuphela ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni kukunqindile ukukwazi kwabacwaningi ukuthola kahle izingcuphe ezihlatshaniswa namanani aphezulu esileniyami, njengoba isibalo esifanele sababambiqhaza kuwu-600.

Ukudla kwanzukuzonke kwababambiqhaza akuphenywanga ukuthola okungase kube yimithombo yale misoco edingeka kancane kanti ne-Body Mass Index (BMI) yabo ayiqoshwanga.

Lolu wucwaningo lokuqala lwalolu hlobo olukala imithelela yesileniyami, umthofi kanye nezinki kwabesifazane abakhulelwe eMalawi.

I-Afrika inesinye sezibalo eziphezulu zokuteta ngaphambi kwesinye- ngaphezu kuka-18% kuqhathaniswa no-5% wamazwe aseNtsonalanga, ngakho abacwaningi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi ezomsoco ziyanomthelela yini.